World Maritime Day, celebrated annually on Thursday 26th of September, is a chance to celebrate the essential role that sea freight plays in global trade. In the UK, sea freight is a crucial method for transporting goods internationally, supporting business and connecting the country to global markets.
To mark the occasion, here are three key things, plus two fun facts, you should know about sea freight.
1. Sea freight dominates global trade
According to the International Chamber of Shipping, sea freight carries around 90% of the world’s goods by volume, making it the backbone of global trade. For the UK, sea freight is vital for importing and exporting, particularly for large and bulky goods like machinery, cars, and raw and hazardous materials.
Compared to air freight, which is quicker but more costly, sea freight offers the most economical option for businesses needing to move high volumes of goods over long distances. Bulk shipping keeps prices lower, benefiting both businesses and consumers.
2. Fun fact: The largest container ships are giants of the sea
The largest container ships in the world can carry over 24,000 TEUs which means they can hold more than 24,000 containers! These colossal vessels are as long as four football fields and can weigh up to 200,000 tons. The efficiency of these ships is a key factor in reducing shipping costs, as more cargo can be moved in a single trip.
These ships are designed to navigate the world’s major shipping routes and pass through key bottlenecks like the Suez and Panama canals, making them an engineering marvel in the world of logistics. As of January 2024, the record for the largest container ship is the MSC’s Irina-class with a capacity of 24,346 TEU.
3. Shipping routes and ports keep the world connected
Sea freight relies on a complex network of shipping routes that connect the world’s ports. The UK boasts several key ports, such as Liverpool, Felixstowe, and Dover, which handle millions of containers every year, connecting Britain to Europe, Asia, and beyond.
Major shipping routes, like the Suez Canal and the English Channel, help reduce travel time and costs, keeping trade flowing smoothly. The choice of port and route can significantly impact delivery times and shipping costs for businesses.
Similarly, if there is an issue with a major shipping route then this can have colossal impacts on global trade. You may remember back in March 2021, the Suez Canal was blocked for six days by the Ever Given, a container ship that had run aground. This blockage resulted in a queue of 369 ships, stranding an estimated $9.6 billion worth of trade.
4. Fun fact: Containers have made their way into everyday life
In 2024, shipping containers aren’t just for transporting goods—they’ve been repurposed for all sorts of creative uses! All around the world, old containers are turned into homes, offices, pop-up shops, social spaces and even swimming pools! The standard dimensions and sturdy construction of containers make them versatile for both shipping and sustainable architecture.
In some cities, innovative housing projects have taken advantage of the versatility of shipping containers, building entire neighbourhoods using repurposed shipping containers, combining style, sustainability, and affordability. An example of this is the up-and-coming Cargo House estate in Cardiff.
5. Customs and documentation are critical
Moving goods across borders via sea freight requires strict customs compliance and proper documentation. Incorrect paperwork can lead to delays, fines, or even the confiscation of goods. The most common documents needed for sea freight shipments include a bill of lading, a commercial invoice and a packing list.
Efficient customs clearance is essential to prevent bottlenecks and keep shipments on schedule and so partnering with a freight forwarder who has a thorough understanding of the complexities of shipping overseas (like Grace Overseas!) is vital.
It is also important to remember that many requirements have changed from pre- to post-Brexit. For more information, check out our customs page.
As we celebrate Maritime Day, it’s clear that sea freight plays an indispensable role in keeping the world’s economy running. From the behemoth container ships to sustainable shipping innovations and the vast global shipping routes, sea freight remains a key driver of international trade. These fun facts and insights highlight just how important and fascinating this industry is!
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